Test code: 04201 •
The Invitae Congenital Heart Defects and Heterotaxy Panel analyzes genes that are associated with congenital heart defects (isolated and syndromic) and/or laterality defects, including heterotaxy and situs inversus. These genes were selected based on currently available evidence and make up Invitae’s most comprehensive test for congenital heart defects.
This panel also includes genes associated with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). There is significant clinical overlap between heterotaxy, PCD, and congenital heart defects, and it may be difficult to differentiate between these types of heart defects early in life.
This test may establish a genetic diagnosis, which would eliminate the need for serial gene testing. A genetic diagnosis may guide medical management, enabling a clinician to determine the need for additional evaluations, screenings, and procedures.
Turnaround time:
10–21 calendar days (14 days on average)New York approved:
YesPreferred specimen:
3mL whole blood in a purple-top EDTA tube (K2EDTA or K3EDTA)Alternate specimens:
Saliva, buccal swab, and gDNA are also accepted.Learn more about specimen requirementsRequest a specimen collection kitClinical description:
Congenital heart disease—more commonly referred to as congenital heart defects (CHD)—is the most common birth defect, affecting 35,000-40,000 newborns each year in the US. It is a leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. CHD can occur in isolation or within a constellation of symptoms comprising a genetic syndrome.
Heterotaxy is the abnormal or irregular arrangement of the thoracoabdominal organs, including the heart, lungs, spleen, and gastrointestinal tract. A large proportion (~70%) of patients with heterotaxy have complex CHD. There is also significant clinical overlap among primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), heterotaxy and CHD. PCD is a genetic defect affecting the cilia—hair-like structures on the surface of cells. Ciliary movement in the lungs, nasal passageways, and ear canals protect the airways from infections. Ciliary movement is also important in the developing embryo as the internal organs are being positioned. Many patients with PCD are born with their internal organs reversed or mirrored from their original positions—a condition known as situs inversus totalis. Given the clinical overlap, it can be difficult to differentiate among CHD, heterotaxy and PCD early in life, and testing genes associated with all three conditions may be indicated for individuals with congenital heart defects.
Invitae is a College of American Pathologists (CAP)-accredited and Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-certified clinical diagnostic laboratory performing full-gene sequencing and deletion/duplication analysis using next-generation sequencing technology (NGS).
Our sequence analysis covers clinically important regions of each gene, including coding exons and 10 to 20 base pairs of adjacent intronic sequence on either side of the coding exons in the transcript listed below, depending on the specific gene or test. In addition, the analysis covers select non-coding variants. Any variants that fall outside these regions are not analyzed. Any limitations in the analysis of these genes will be listed on the report. Contact client services with any questions.
Based on validation study results, this assay achieves >99% analytical sensitivity and specificity for single nucleotide variants, insertions and deletions <15bp in length, and exon-level deletions and duplications. Invitae's methods also detect insertions and deletions larger than 15bp but smaller than a full exon but sensitivity for these may be marginally reduced. Invitae’s deletion/duplication analysis determines copy number at a single exon resolution at virtually all targeted exons. However, in rare situations, single-exon copy number events may not be analyzed due to inherent sequence properties or isolated reduction in data quality. Certain types of variants, such as structural rearrangements (e.g. inversions, gene conversion events, translocations, etc.) or variants embedded in sequence with complex architecture (e.g. short tandem repeats or segmental duplications), may not be detected. Additionally, it may not be possible to fully resolve certain details about variants, such as mosaicism, phasing, or mapping ambiguity. Unless explicitly guaranteed, sequence changes in the promoter, non-coding exons, and other non-coding regions are not covered by this assay. Please consult the test definition on our website for details regarding regions or types of variants that are covered or excluded for this test. This report reflects the analysis of an extracted genomic DNA sample. In very rare cases, (circulating hematolymphoid neoplasm, bone marrow transplant, recent blood transfusion) the analyzed DNA may not represent the patient's constitutional genome.
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